Quantum Number Calculator
Free determine valid combinations of quantum numbers for electron states in atoms. Get instant, accurate results with our easy-to-use calculator.
Input Quantum Numbers
n ≥ 1 (energy level)
0 ≤ l < n (s, p, d, f, ...)
-l ≤ mₗ ≤ +l
Results
Enter quantum numbers to validate
Quantum Number Rules
Principal (n)
n = 1, 2, 3, 4, ...
Determines energy level and shell
Angular Momentum (l)
l = 0, 1, 2, ..., n-1
0=s, 1=p, 2=d, 3=f, 4=g, ...
Magnetic (mₗ)
mₗ = -l, -l+1, ..., 0, ..., l-1, l
Orientation in space (2l+1 values)
Spin (mₛ)
mₛ = +½ or -½
Electron spin orientation