Boltzmann Factor Calculator

Free calculate the boltzmann factor to determine the relative probability of energy states in thermal equilibrium.

Input Parameters

Results

Enter energy and temperature to calculate Boltzmann factor

Boltzmann Factor Formula

Formula

P(E) ∝ exp(-ΔE / kT)

Where:

  • • P(E) = probability
  • • ΔE = energy difference
  • • k = Boltzmann constant
  • • T = temperature

Interpretation

  • • Factor < 1: Higher energy state less likely
  • • Factor = 1: Equal probability
  • • Factor > 1: Higher energy state more likely
  • • kT ≈ 0.026 eV at 300 K

Related Physics Calculators

Explore more calculators in this category:

Browse all Physics Calculators →