Box Fill Calculator

Calculate Electrical Box Fill

About Box Fill Calculations

Box fill calculations ensure electrical boxes have adequate space for all conductors and devices without overcrowding.

NEC Box Fill Rules:

  • Each conductor counts as one volume unit
  • Ground wires count as one volume unit
  • Devices count as two volume units
  • Clamps count as one volume unit each

Wire Volume Units:

  • #14 AWG: 2.0 cubic inches
  • #12 AWG: 2.25 cubic inches
  • #10 AWG: 2.5 cubic inches
  • #8 AWG: 3.0 cubic inches

Device Volume Units:

  • Single Device: 2.0 cubic inches
  • Duplex Device: 2.0 cubic inches
  • GFCI Device: 2.0 cubic inches

Common Box Capacities:

  • 4" × 1.25": 8.0 cubic inches
  • 4" × 1.5": 10.0 cubic inches
  • 4" × 2.125": 14.0 cubic inches
  • 4" × 2.5": 18.0 cubic inches

Safety Requirements:

• Never exceed box capacity
• Allow for wire bending
• Consider future additions
• Follow NEC guidelines
• Use proper box sizing

Proper box fill calculations prevent overheating, ensure code compliance, and maintain electrical safety in residential and commercial installations.