Phase Rule Calculator
Calculate Phase Rule
About Phase Rule
The Phase Rule, formulated by J. Willard Gibbs, relates the number of degrees of freedom in a thermodynamic system to the number of components and phases present.
F = C - P + 2
Where:
- F = Degrees of freedom (intensive variables that can be varied independently)
- C = Number of components (minimum number of chemical species needed to describe the system)
- P = Number of phases (physically distinct, homogeneous regions)
Common Examples:
• Pure substance (C=1): F = 3 - P
• Binary system (C=2): F = 4 - P
• Triple point: F = 0 (invariant)
Applications:
• Phase diagrams
• Chemical equilibrium
• Materials science
• Geological systems
The Phase Rule is fundamental in understanding phase equilibria, phase transitions, and the behavior of multicomponent systems.