Normality Calculator
Calculate Normality
About Normality
Normality (N) is the number of equivalents of solute per liter of solution. It's particularly useful in acid-base and redox reactions.
N = equivalents of solute / liters of solution
Key relationships:
- N = M × n (where n = equivalence factor)
- Equivalent Weight = Molecular Weight / n
- Equivalents = Mass / Equivalent Weight
For Acids:
n = number of H⁺ ions
For Bases:
n = number of OH⁻ ions
For Salts:
n = total positive or negative charge
Normality is commonly used in titrations and redox reactions where the number of reactive species is important.